Doctors make life-or-death decisions for sick and injured patients in emergency rooms. They also perform routine checkups, give flu and immunization shots, and help manage ongoing health conditions like diabetes and heart disease. They work long hours, often on weekends and holidays. The word doctor is synonymous with medical expertise, and those who earn the title undergo years of schooling and training to qualify as specialists in their fields.
But what does the word doctor actually mean? Its etymology points to a Latin word that means “teacher.” And although it’s usually applied to doctors of medicine, the word has come to be used in a variety of contexts. It’s even become a nickname for someone who holds a PhD, which requires extensive study and the writing of a dissertation.
A doctor specializes in one or more areas of human anatomy and health. For example, an internal medicine doctor treats common illnesses, such as the flu and colds, while a gastroenterologist treats diseases of the stomach and digestive tract. Doctors often serve as teachers in their fields, explaining complex medical concepts to patients and teaching them how to prevent or treat health issues.
Patient Examination and Diagnosis
Doctors examine patients and take a detailed medical history, asking questions about symptoms and risk factors. They use this information to develop a diagnosis, which they communicate to their patients. They may order diagnostic tests such as blood work, X-rays, MRIs, and ultrasounds to assist with their diagnosis.
Treatment Planning and Implementation
Based on their diagnosis, doctors develop a treatment plan for each patient. They may prescribe medications, recommend lifestyle changes, and suggest surgical interventions. They also explain these options to their patients, including the potential risks and expected outcomes. They may also collaborate with other healthcare professionals to ensure a comprehensive approach to patient care.
Medical Record-Keeping
Doctors maintain accurate and thorough medical records for each patient. They record patient histories, exam findings, diagnoses, treatments, and medication prescriptions. These records are crucial for future assessments, continuity of care, and legal matters. They may also refer patients to specialists for additional evaluation and specialized treatment.
Personal Fulfillment and Meaning
In addition to a high salary, many doctors find fulfillment in their careers. They enjoy helping others and making a positive impact on society. They also gain intellectual stimulation by staying current with advancements in their field.
The number of available jobs for doctors has increased rapidly due to the aging baby boomer population and increasing demand for healthcare services. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that job opportunities for physicians will continue to increase, with the highest growth occurring in primary care specialties and ambulatory healthcare settings. The highest salaries are earned by those who specialize in the most demanding specialties, such as neurosurgery and oncology. These specialties require additional training and extensive licensing requirements.